def f():
    print "Today is 7.21"
    yield 6

>>> i = f()
>>> i
<generator object f at 0x1041e7dc0>
>>> i.next()
Today is 7.21
6
>>> i.next()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
StopIteration

def f():
    m = 5
    m = yield 6
    print "m = ", m

>>> def f():
...     m = 5 
...     m = yield 6
...     print "m = ", m
... 
>>> i = f()
>>> i.next()
6
>>> i.send(7)
m =  7
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
StopIteration

def fibonacci(i):
    """关于斐波那契数列的生成器
    """
    if i < 0:
        raise ValueError, i
    if i == 0:
        yield 0

    count = 0
    a, b = 0, 1
    while count <= i:
        yield a
        a, b = b, a + b
        count += 1

>>> for i in fibonacci(13):
...     print i,
... 
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144
>>> for i in fibonacci(-1):
...     print i,
... 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "_yield.py", line 5, in fibonacci
    raise ValueError, i
ValueError: -1
>>> for i in fibonacci(0):
...     print i,
... 
0
>>> for i in fibonacci(1):
...     print i
... 
0 1

fib = fibonacci(6)
fib.close()

fib.throw(GeneratorExit)
# GeneratorExit 继承自 BaseException

(i for i in range(6))

# disable print as the statement
from __future__ import print_function
from functools import partial
from StringIO import StringIO

f = StringIO.StringIO()
print = partial(print, file=f)
print("This will print to f)
# stdout will print nothing!
s = f.getvalue()
# s = "This will print to f"
f.close()

>>> globals()
{'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, '__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None}
>>> locals()
{'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, '__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None}

for method in HTTP_METHODS:
    method_handler = partial(http, accept=(method, ))
    method_handler.__doc__ = "Exposes a Python method externally as an HTTP {0} method".format(method.upper())
    globals()[method.lower()] = method_handler

get = partial(http, accept=(get,))
get.__doc__ == "Exposes a Python method externally as an HTTP GET method"
# 然后post, put, patch...

#!/usr/bin/env python

#!/usr/bin/python

     from setuptools import setup
     setup(
         name='project_name',
          version='0.1',
          ...
          entry_points={
            'console_scripts': [
               'hello = hello.main:main',
            ]
          }
     )

example/
- setup.py
- hello/
   _ __init__.py
   - main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def main():
   print 'hello word'

from setuptools import setup
setup(
     name='hello',
     version='0.1',
     entry_points={
         'console_scripts':[
            'hello = hello.main:main'
         ]
     }
)

SETTINGS = {
    'user': 'www-data',
    'password': 'www-data',
    'host': '127.0.0.1',
    'port': '5672',
    'vhost': 't_celery'
}

test.celery/
    |- env/
    |- src/
        |- __init__.py
        |- app.py
        |- task.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# filename: app.py

from celery import Celery

CELERY_CONFIG = {
    'CELERY_TIMEZONE': 'Asia/Shanghai',
    'CELERY_ENABLE_UTC': True,
    # content
    'CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER': 'json',
    'CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER': 'json',
    'CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT': ['json'],
    'CELERYD_MAX_TASKS_PER_CHILD': 1,
}

# 第一个参数是实例的名称,  也可以使用模块的名字.
# broker参数是消息代理人url.
# 还有一个backend参数，当我们需要拿到异步任务的返回时需要用到.
# 这里就直接略过了.
app = Celery(
    'test_celery',
    broker='amqp://{user}:{password}@{host}:{port}/{vhost}'.format(
        **SETTINGS)
)
app.conf.update(**CELERY_CONFIG)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# filename: task.py

from src.app import app

@app.task(queue='test_celey_queue')
def add(x, y, c=0):
    return x + y + c

CELERY_ROUTES = {
     'src.task.add': 'test_celery_queue',
}

celery worker -A src.task --loglevel=info -Q test_celery_queue -f /data/test.celery/celery.log

tail -f /data/test.celery/celery.log

>>> from src.task import add
>>> add(4, 6)
10
>>> add.delay()
<AsyncResult: fe9b4b75-6ba8-44aa-adb2-92d63c8ba1c6>
>>> add.delay(4, 4)
<AsyncResult: e6dfcdbb-7a19-4fb2-aa5e-841b8f393874>
>>> add.apply_async(args=(3,5))
<AsyncResult: 34cf6a59-35db-40d3-a218-6703eb04336b>

  * args: 传给task的参数.
  * kwargs: 传给task的参数.
  * countdown： 延时执行的秒数.countdown=10表示10s后执行.
  * eta: datetime类型, 执行的日期.
  * queue: 指定任务消息要去的队列.
  * ...

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from src.app import app
from posts import Posts
import time

@app.task(queue='test_celery_queue')
def add(x, y, c=0):
    return x + y + c

@app.task
def sendmail():
    post = Posts('smtp.qq.com', 'emailname@qq.com', 'password', port=465)
    with post(ssl=True) as mail:
        mail.text(
            recipient ='receive@163.com,
            subject='send by celery beat',
            content=time.ctime()
        )

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from celery import Celery
from celery.schedules import crontab
from datetime import timedelta

CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE = {
    'send-email-every-30-minutes': {    # 定时任务的名字
        'task': 'src.task.sendmail',     # 具体对应的Task
        'schedule':  timedelta(seconds=30),# 定时设置，这里表示30s执行一次
        # 'args': () ,       # 传给Task的参数
        'options': {     # 设置Task的一些属性, 参见apply_async的参数
            'queue':'test_celery_queue'
        }
    }
}
CELERY_CONFIG = {
    'CELERY_TIMEZONE': 'Asia/Shanghai',
    'CELERY_ENABLE_UTC': True,
    # content
    'CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER': 'json',
    'CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER': 'json',
    'CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT': ['json'],
    'CELERYD_MAX_TASKS_PER_CHILD': 1,
    'CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE': CELERYBEAT_SCHEDULE     # 启动beat，传入相关参数.
}
SETTINGS = {
    'user': 'www-data',
    'password': 'www-data',
    'host': '127.0.0.1',
    'port': '5672',
    'vhost': 't_celery'
}

app = Celery(
    'test_celery',
    broker='amqp://{user}:{password}@{host}:{port}/{vhost}'.format(
        **SETTINGS)
)
app.conf.update(**CELERY_CONFIG)

celery beat -A src.app --loglevel=info --logfile=/data/test.celery/celery.beat.log

tail -f /data/test.celery/celery.beat.log

tail -f /data/test.celery/celery.log

[unix_http_server]
file=/var/run/supervisor.sock                   ; (the path to the socket file)

[supervisord]
logfile=/data/log/supervisor/syslog         ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
loglevel=info                               ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace)
pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid                ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
nodaemon=false                              ; (start in foreground if true;default false)
minfds=1024                               ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024)
minprocs=1024                             ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200)
nocleanup=false
umask=022
user=root

[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock   ; use a unix:// URL  for a unix socket

[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface

[include]
files = /etc/supervisord.d/*.ini

[group:test_celery]
programs = test_celery.async,test_celery.beat

[program:test_celery.async]
command=/data/test.celery/env/bin/celery worker -A src.app --loglevel=info -Q test_celery_queue
numprocs=1
numprocs_start=0
priority=999
autostart=true
startsecs=3
startretries=3
exitcodes=0,2
stopsignal=QUIT
stopwaitsecs=60
directory=/data/test.celery
user=www-data
stopasgroup=false
killasgroup=false
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/data/log/test.celery/test_celery.log
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=250MB
stdout_logfile_backups=10
stderr_logfile=/data/log/test.celery/test_celery.err
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=250MB
stderr_logfile_backups=10
environment=PYTHONPATH='/data/test.celery/';C_FORCE_ROOT="true"

[program:test_celery.beat]
command=/data/test.celery/env/bin/celery beat -A src.app --loglevel=info
numprocs=1
numprocs_start=0
priority=999
autostart=true
startsecs=3
startretries=3
exitcodes=0,2
stopsignal=QUIT
stopwaitsecs=60
directory=/data/test.celery
user=www-data
stopasgroup=false
killasgroup=false
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/data/log/test.celery/test_celery.beat.log
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=250MB
stdout_logfile_backups=10
stderr_logfile=/data/log/test.celery/test_celery.beat.err
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=250MB
stderr_logfile_backups=10
environment=PYTHONPATH='/data/test.celery/';C_FORCE_ROOT="true"

sudo supervisorctl update 

import time
import sys

def CountDown(total_sec):
    for i in xrange(10, -1, -1):
        # 不能换行哈
        print '%4d\\r' % i,
        sys.stdout.flush()
        time.sleep(1)
    # 防止输出被之后的输出覆盖
    print

CountDown(10)

# print方式
print 'ProcessBar'

# stdout方式
import sys
sys.stdout.write('ProcessBar\\n')

import time
import sys

def CountDown(total_sec):
    for i in xrange(10, -1, -1):
        # 默认不换行
        # 也可以 print '%4d\\r' % i,
        sys.stdout.write('%4d\\r' % i)
        # 强制打印
        sys.stdout.flush()
        time.sleep(1)
    # 防止最后结果被之后的输出覆盖
    print

CountDown(10)

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding=utf-8-*-

import sys

class ProcessBar(object):

    def __init__(self, end, char='#'):
        """
        @param end : 总大小
        @param char : 进度条的符号
        """
        self.end = end
        self.char = char

    def show(self, count):
        """
        @param count : 当前进度
        """
        # 百分比
        percent = count * 100 / self.end
        # 符号数量
        s_num = percent / 10
        sys.stdout.write('%3d%%=>|%-10s|\\r' % (percent, self.char * s_num))
        sys.stdout.flush()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import time
    pb = ProcessBar(100)
    for i in xrange(1, 101):
        pb.show(i)
        time.sleep(0.1)
    print "\\ncompleted"

import functools
import time


def timer(func):
    print("handle decorator")

    @functools.wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        start = time.time()
        rtn = func(*args, **kwargs)
        cost = time.time() - start
        print("cost %f s") % cost
        return rtn
    return wrapper


@timer
def sleep(seconds):
    time.sleep(seconds)
    return seconds

def sleep(seconds):
    time.sleep(seconds)
    return seconds
sleep = timer(sleep)

import functools
import time


def timer(func):
    print("handle decorator")
    name = func.func_name

    @functools.wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print name, id(name)
        start = time.time()
        rtn = func(*args, **kwargs)
        cost = time.time() - start
        print("costs %f s") % cost
        return rtn
    return wrapper


@timer
def sleep(seconds):
    time.sleep(seconds)
    return seconds


@timer
def sleep2(seconds):
    time.sleep(seconds)
    return seconds

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print sleep(2)
    print sleep(3)
    print sleep2(2)
    print sleep2(3)

# 运行结果:
handle decorator
handle decorator
# print sleep(2)
sleep 4402047952
costs 2.005124 s
2
# print sleep(3)
sleep 4402047952
costs 3.005203 s
3
# print sleep2(2)
sleep2 4402048048
costs 2.005205 s
2
# print sleep2(3)
sleep2 4402048048
costs 3.000412 s
3

import functools
import time


def cache(func):
    caches = {}

    @functools.wraps(func)
    def wrapper(n):
        if n not in caches:
            caches[n] = func(n)
        return caches[n]
    return wrapper


@cache
def fib(n):
    if n < 2:
        return 1
    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)


def fib2(n):
    if n < 2:
        return 1
    return fib2(n - 1) + fib2(n - 2)


def fib3(n):
    a, b = 1, 1
    for i in xrange(1, n):
        a, b = a + b, a
    return a

if __name__ == "__main__":
    start = time.time()
    for _ in xrange(10000):
        fib(20)
    print "cache fib without cache spends %f s" % (time.time() - start,)

    start = time.time()
    for _ in xrange(10000):
        fib2(20)
    print "no cache fib spends %f s" % (time.time() - start,)

    start = time.time()
    for _ in xrange(10000):
        fib3(20)
    print "fib3 spends %f s" % (time.time() - start,)

# 运行结果
cache fib without cache spends 0.003719 s
no cache fib spends 31.374117 s
fib3 spends 0.016529 s

import functools
import time


class Timer(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.names = []

    def __call__(self, func):
        if func.func_name not in self.names:
            self.names.append(func.func_name)

        @functools.wraps(func)
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            print self.names
            start = time.time()
            rtn = func(*args, **kwargs)
            print "%s spends %f s" % (func.func_name, time.time() - start)
            return rtn
        return wrapper

timer = Timer()


@timer
def sleep(seconds):
    time.sleep(seconds)
    return seconds


@timer
def sleep2(seconds):
    time.sleep(seconds)
    return seconds

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sleep(5)
    sleep2(5)

＃ 运行结果
['sleep', 'sleep2']
sleep spends 5.000244 s
['sleep', 'sleep2']
sleep2 spends 5.004623 s

class Meta(type):

    def __new__(meta, cls_name, base_clses, cls_attrs):
        print "============Meta_new=============="
        print "meta", meta
        print "class name", cls_name
        print "base classes", base_clses
        print "class attrs", cls_attrs
        instance = super(Meta, meta).__new__(meta, cls_name, base_clses, cls_attrs)
        print "=============Meta_new============"
        return instance

    def __init__(cls_obj, cls_name, base_clses, cls_attrs):
        print "============Meta_init============"
        print 'class obj', cls_obj
        print "class name", cls_name
        print "base classes", base_clses
        print "class attrs", cls_attrs
        print "============Meta_init==========="

    def __call__(cls_obj,  *args, **kwargs):
        print "=============Meta_call=========="
        print "class obj", cls_obj
        instance = super(Meta, cls_obj).__call__(*args, **kwargs)
        print "=============Meta_call=========="
        return instance


class Foo(object):
    __metaclass__ = Meta

    def __new__(cls):
        print cls
        print 'Foo.__new__'
        return super(Foo, cls).__new__(cls)

    def __init__(self):
        print 'Foo.__init__'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    Foo()
    print type.__call__(Foo)

============Meta_new==============
meta <class '__main__.Meta'>
class name Foo
base classes (<type 'object'>,)
class attrs {'__module__': '__main__', '__metaclass__': <class '__main__.Meta'>, '__new__': <function __new__ at 0x1091ad578>, '__init__': <function __init__ at 0x1091b9578>}
=============Meta_new============
============Meta_init============
class obj <class '__main__.Foo'>
class name Foo
base classes (<type 'object'>,)
class attrs {'__module__': '__main__', '__metaclass__': <class '__main__.Meta'>, '__new__': <function __new__ at 0x1091ad578>, '__init__': <function __init__ at 0x1091b9578>}
============Meta_init===========
=============Meta_call==========
class obj <class '__main__.Foo'>
<class '__main__.Foo'>
Foo.__new__
Foo.__init__
=============Meta_call==========
<class '__main__.Foo'>
Foo.__new__
Foo.__init__
<__main__.Foo object at 0x1091b6910>

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.10/Python-2.7.10.tgz

tar -zxvf Python-2.7.10.tgz

yum install zlib
yum install zlib-devel
yum install openssl -y
yum install openssl-devel -y

cd Python-2.7.10
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2.7

cd Python-2.7.10
vim Modules/Setup
去掉456行左右
#zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz的注释

make
make install
rm /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

vim /usr/bin/yum
将
#!/usr/bin/python
替换为
#!/usr/bin/python2.6(根据版本而定)

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py